Redoubt Coast Ship Security Complex

The second generation coastal anti-ship operational-tactical missile system "Reduce" was developed under the leadership of V.M. Chelomey in the Design Bureau-52 in accordance with Decree of the USSR CM No. 903-378 of August 16, 1960 on the basis of the operational-tactical anti-ship missile P-35. The complex is designed to engage surface ships of all types. The missile of the coastal complex received the index P-35B.

The launcher is based on the four-axle chassis ZIL-135K (after the transfer of serial production of the chassis in Bryansk - Baz-135MB). The head developer of the control system of the Redoubt complex was NII-10 (Allair Research Institute). The missile's TRD march was developed at the Design Bureau-300.

Flight tests of the P-35B missile began in the autumn of 1963. By Resolution of CM № 631-202 of August 11, 1966 the Redoubt complex was adopted for service. In the Baltics, rearmament of the 10th Separate Coastal Missile Regiment with the Redoubt System started in 1972. The regiment was renamed the 1216th Separate Coastal Missile Division (OBRD). On November 1, 1974 the 1216th OBRD was reorganized into the 844th OBRD. In the Northern Fleet, the 501st Separate Coastal Missile Regiment, stationed on the Rybachy peninsula, was re-equipped with Reduce missiles in 1971-1974. July 16, 1961 was issued a Resolution of the CM for the rearmament of coastal stationary complexes "Utyos" from missiles "Sopka" to missiles P-35B. The first launch of the P-35B missile in the 362nd OBRP in Balaklava took place on 30 May 1971. Officially, both Balaklava divisions equipped with P-35B missiles were put into operation by the CM Decision of 28 April 1973. At present, the Balaklava divisions have been transferred to Ukraine. The rearmament of the stationary complex on Kildin Island (616th OBRP) was carried out in two stages: the first one on P-35B in 1976 and the second one in 1983.

The missile regiment of the Black Sea Fleet, equipped with the Reduce complex, was repeatedly transferred from the Crimea to Bulgaria on its own. There it held positions from which it could fire on the Dardanelles and parts of the Aegean Sea.

In 1974, the development of ZM44 "Progress" began on the basis of the P-35 complex. The main change in the missile was a new onboard guidance system with increased interference immunity and selectivity. New on-board electrical equipment units and a launch unit were developed for it, which provided better performance characteristics. The stealth and invulnerability of the missile in approaching the target has been increased by increasing the length of the final section of the trajectory for lowering the flight altitude in this section.

The following new technical solutions were applied in "Progress" complex in comparison with P-35 complex:

• a newly developed interference-proof radar vizier;
• automatic switch of the missile to autonomous search and target selection in the absence of commands from the launch vehicle;
• the flight altitude in the final section of the trajectory was reduced from 100-120 m to 20-40 m;
• the length of the final section of the trajectory has been increased from 20 km to 50 km;
• the logic of autonomous target selection has been introduced;
• the number of missiles in the salvo was increased to 16 when shooting from several carriers.

After state trials in 1976-1977, the "Progress" complex was recommended for adoption by the ships of projects 58 and 1134, as well as the coastal systems "Reduce" and "Utes". Officially, "Progress" was adopted in 1982. Production of rockets for coastal systems was conducted from 1982 to 1987.

Nothing is known about foreign modifications of the complex or about its production abroad. Most likely, the complex was exported in a limited way and no licenses for its production were transferred to any countries.

The designation of the US MOD missile is SSC-1B (Surface-to-Surface Cruise Type 1 is the second variant), the designation of NATO is Sepal.